The Five Stages of Violent Crime and the AOI Triangle

“An overwhelming majority of violence comes with instructions on how to avoid it.”
AOI Triangle
Here is yet another excellent article from Marc MacYoung of No Nonsense Self-Defense:

Five Stages of Violent Crime

Here’s a summary:

The Five Stages of Violent Crime

  1. Intent – A person is mentally prepared to commit a violent crime.
  2. Interview – The criminal decides if the target is safe to attack.
  3. Positioning – The criminal puts himself in a place where he can successfully attack you.
  4. Attack – The criminal commits to using force or the threat of force.
  5. Reaction – How the criminal feels about what he has done, i.e., how the criminal might further escalate the attack if his initial goals (e.g. robbery, empowerment) are or are not met.

A related concept:

The AOI Triangle

  • Ability – Does the person have the ability to attack you?
  • Opportunity – Does this person have the opportunity to attack you?
  • Intent – Is he in a mental place where using violence to get what he wants makes sense to him?

“The fastest way to figure out if you are in potential danger is to look for these three elements.”

Also read the counter to the Five Stages, the Pyramid of Personal Safety.

Marc and Dianna MacYoung seem much more rooted in reality than most every other self-proclaimed expert on violence. They are not alarmist reactionaries intent on making you feel like everyone in the world has the potential to rob and murder you. What I really like in particular about their writing is that any discussion of self-defense always returns to use of force considerations and the legal and psychological repercussions of resorting to violence.

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The Groin Strike Is Not Just a Punchline

Youch.
Groin strikes are a bit of a running gag about Krav Maga. It may seem we have a fixation, and, admittedly, there are few things funnier than seeing someone biffed in the crotch.

Juvenile giggling aside, there’s a reason why groin strikes are barred from combat sports: they’re fight enders. Even with protection, a strike to the groin can completely incapacitate the strongest of fighters. Doubt it? Seen this?
Click here for cringe inducement »

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Fundamental Knife Techniques: Two Classes this Week

monkey knife fight

Nobody wins in a knife fight

As a lead-up to the Basic Knife Defense Seminar this Saturday, we will be doing a knife techniques class at the following times this week:

  • Wednesday, Nov. 30, 7:30pm
  • Saturday, Dec. 3, 8:30am

The classes will cover basic knife concepts from the Filipino martial arts system Modern Arnis Jujitsu as applied to our Krav Maga principals.

It is not necessary that you attend these classes before the seminar, but doing so will give you a very different perspective! I promise you’ll be much more cognizant of how good your defenses must be.

***Please note that these classes are intended for educational purposes only and are meant to familiarize you with the dynamic and unpredictable nature of knives. Read the use of force post and the Pocket Knife FYI.

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Stick Fighting Week Recap

Stick Fighting. Get it?

I hope everyone enjoyed the exposure to a different style of fighting this week. Even though this was a sip from the fire hose, I hope you were able to learn some things, big and small. Here are some takeaways:

  1. Exploring new things
    Krav Maga is, for most of us, our primary training modality. While I believe it is unique and effective in its comprehensive design and in applying one solution to many scenarios, there exist many more scenarios than we can possibly train for in the universe of fighting. And then there’s the Law of the Instrument. Gaining skills and perspective from outside the system can serve to strengthen your knowledge of and aptitude for Krav Maga. Often times, seeing something new can make the light go on and make sense of something you previously struggled with. Check out this post for more on the subject.
  2. There’s more to swinging a stick than just… swinging it.
    1. As “The One with the Stick”
      Figure 8, rompida, banda y banda, abaniko… We took a brief look at a lot of different ways to move a stick through space. Think of using the stick as both a blunt object and an edged weapon and you begin to see many more possibilities than just bashing with it like a caveman.
    2. As the Defender
      Someone can whip a stick around in many more ways than just vertically and horizontally! While our Krav Maga stick defenses cover many possibilities, they don’t cover all possibilities. I believe you always have a fighting chance, but your best defense against a trained stick fighter might just be a good pair of running shoes!
  3. Cutting Angles
    In Modern Arnis, virtually nothing happens straight on. Almost every attack and defense must be made on either the live side or the dead side of the opponent. This angular nature and the footwork involved translate very well to our style of fighting in Krav Maga. Try it!
  4. Ranges
    In Krav Maga we often talk about the distance continuum and using the correct combative for the range available. In our three classes this week we covered the three ranges of Filipino stick fighting:
    1. Largo mano: Your opponent’s stick cannot reach your head, but your stick can reach his hand.
      What we did: Defanging the Snake.
    2. Medio mano: You are within range of the opponent’s stick. The “check hand” is added to defenses.
      What we did: Block, Check, and Counter; stick disarms.
    3. Corto mano: Close range; puño / trapping range. All the fun locks and throws.
      What we did: Fun locks and throws!
  5. Use of Force.
    This stuff is undeniably fun to train, but the practicality of engaging in a stick fight is somewhat scant. As a teenager practicing these techniques, I obviously fantasized about recreating scenes from The Perfect Weapon. Let me now be the killjoy, though: You’d better have just cause for striking someone—period, but let alone with an object—and you’d better be able to articulate it to the authorities in the aftermath. Read the use of force post.

Thanks again to all those who attended the classes this week. I love teaching, and I especially love seeing people excited about learning new skills. I can’t remember the last time we packed so many onto the training floor!

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Pocket Knife FYI

Assume everyone's packing one of these. But you shouldn't carry one in Boston...

Assume everyone's packing one of these. But you shouldn't carry one in Boston...

Another question/discussion that comes up now and again regards pocket knives. Two parts to this FYI:

  1. Assume everyone carries a knife. This article is almost three years old, but I doubt much has changed since:
    With shootings declining, Hub sees more stabbings

    This is a particularly scary thought:

    “It’s clear that minor altercations, when someone has a knife, will escalate. When you don’t have a knife, you walk away, and five minutes later you realize it was just a punch in the face. Now, they have a knife, and they react very quickly.”

    Two quick comments on that: One, this is another good reason to avoid altercations whenever possible. Two, if you must defend yourself against an attack, finish the fight. Do not allow the attacker even a hair’s breadth to pull a knife.

  2. If you are going to carry a knife:
    1. Realize that a knife is a tool. If you carry a knife as a weapon, you may be all too eager to use it as such. The situations in which you would be legally justified in using a knife as a self-defense weapon fit into a very, very small box, and you’re going to have some answering to do regardless of the circumstances. Further, the more “exotic” your knife looks (i.e. the more it looks like it was specifically designed to inflict horrific damage on a human), the less likely the authorities are going to believe you had no prior intention of using it. See also the Use of Force post.
    2. Know the laws. Many states and municipalities have online resources to peruse. The general laws of Massachusetts are fairly obvious: no switchblades, projectile blades, double-edged fixed blades, etc. There is no specified limit on blade length. Here’s the text: Chapter 269 §10-b

      In Boston proper, however, there has been a restriction on blades longer than 2.5″ since 2001. See 16-45.1 Carrying of Weapons Prohibited.

The purpose here is neither to encourage nor discourage carrying a pocket knife. Be informed.

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Bas on Fighting. And Jail.


This Week’s Bas Rutten Weekly Video of the Week

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The Shirt Grab & Finishing the Fight

Here’s an interesting video from Rodney King of Crazy Monkey Defense that ties into the shirt grab question that came up at the end of Tuesday night’s class:

Overall, I think the Crazy Monkey Defense stuff compliments the “fighting” portion of Krav pretty nicely. I like a lot of the concepts that I’ve seen online and even experimented with incorporating pieces into the last sparring rotation. While taking the opponent’s back as Rodney does in the video is not necessarily something encouraged in Krav Maga, the opening certainly is. Some compliance-type techniques (i.e. joint locks and pressure points) from styles like Kenpo and Modern Arnis Jujitsu, while effective in certain circumstances, require much more time to train; rely on fine motor movements that can degrade under stress; and often require both your hands, leaving you more vulnerable to subsequent attacks. Striking, however, has a less steep learning curve because it is more instinctive; relies on gross motor movements that are less affected by stress; and, if you’re hands always return to your fighting stance, offers a better degree of protection against a flailing opponent. (Keep in mind, though, that use of force issues are more likely to arise with strikes.)

This video demonstrates three key Krav Maga concepts that apply to nearly every self-defense scenario:

  1. The “when” concept. If you can talk your way out of a scenario like this, by all means do so. If, however, you sense the shirt grab is just a precursor to greater violence, when is now.
  2. See within the fight. Once you’ve made the decision to spring to action, don’t expect your opponent to stand there like a punching bag, and don’t get so tunnel-visioned with what you’re doing that you don’t register subsequent attacks (or attackers). Remember, it’s usually the one you don’t see that’ll knock you out.
  3. Finish the fight. Once you’ve engaged, do not stop until A) you’ve created enough space to safely escape, or B) the threat has been neutralized.
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Developing Your “When”

One concept that sets Krav Maga apart from most other self-defense systems is that we consistently train from a position of disadvantage. The belief is that all techniques must work whether we are prepared or not, as most situations requiring us to defend ourselves occur suddenly and with little warning. If we only trained from a prepared position (our fighting stance), we would either be delayed to action or—much worse—freeze when caught off guard.

Part of our training involves practicing both offensive and defensive techniques from what we call passive or neutral position. Beyond developing lighting-fast reaction, not much forethought must go into defensive techniques; the decision to act has been made for us by the attacker. Launching a preemptive assault, however, is a very different situation. We must consider the how?, the when?, and the what then? (the immediate and longer-term consequences) of such an action.
krav_countdown

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Fight Science: Fighting Back

Masters of self-defense cut loose on cutting-edge technology to answer the question: If caught in a fight for your life, what would you do?

There’s a new installment of National Geographic’s Fight Science currently airing called “Fighting Back”. One segment features Bas Rutten and Krav Maga Worldwide’s Amir Perets demonstrating a double-leg takedown on a drunken assailant.

[Read more...]

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Use of Force: The Rules of Self-Defense

Questions regarding the legal ramifications of self-defense and use of force come up occasionally in class. We instructors try to state explicitly that we are not legal authorities, and we can only equip students with the tools to keep themselves and their loved ones safe; how they use them must be defined by the circumstances and the law as it applies to those circumstances. [Read more...]

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